Evaluation of continuous beam rescanning versus pulsed beam in pencil beam scanned proton therapy for lung tumours

Golden beam data for proton pencil-beam scanning.

Proton, as well as other ion, beams applied by electro-magnetic deflection in pencil-beam scanning (PBS) are minimally perturbed and thus can be quantified a priori by their fundamental interactions in a medium. This a priori quantification permits an optimal reduction of characterizing measurements on a particular PBS delivery system. The combination of a priori quantification and measurements...

Dosimetric consequences of pencil beam width variations in scanned beam particle therapy.

Scanned ion beam delivery enables the highest degree of target dose conformation attainable in external beam radiotherapy. Nominal pencil beam widths (spot sizes) are recorded during treatment planning system commissioning. Due to changes in the beam-line optics, the actual spot sizes may differ from these commissioning values, leading to differences between planned and delivered dose. The purp...

Cyclotron versus Synchrotron for Proton Beam Therapy

Two categories in the beam delivery system of proton therapy, scattering and scanning, are closely related to the temporal beam structure, in turn, type of accelerators. Since the synchrotron is well matured technically, efficient and dependable routine operation will be achieved if it is combined with a scatterer system. \Vhen more sophisticated scanning system is sought for better dose distri...

Fast Pencil Beam Dose Calculation for Proton Therapy Using a Double-Gaussian Beam Model

The highly conformal dose distributions produced by scanned proton pencil beams (PBs) are more sensitive to motion and anatomical changes than those produced by conventional radiotherapy. The ability to calculate the dose in real-time as it is being delivered would enable, for example, online dose monitoring, and is therefore highly desirable. We have previously described an implementation of a...

Scanned Ion Beam Therapy of Moving Targets with Beam Tracking